AI Book Translator for Scholarly and Nonfiction Manuscripts

Original (Chinese)

问题的提出

SciVolume translation (English)

Statement of the Problem

Original (Chinese)

在现代生物医学与精神病学的研究版图中，大脑长期以来被视为一个相对独立且高度自治的器官，其功能与病理机制主要被置于中枢神经系统的框架内进行探讨。然而，过去十余年间，一场深刻的范式转换重塑了我们对脑功能及其疾病发生机制的认知。这一转变的核心在于发现并证实了宿主肠道内的万亿级微生物群（即肠道菌群）与中枢神经系统之间存在着密切且双向的化学信号传导，即“菌群-肠-脑轴”[1]。这一复杂的双向沟通网络不仅维持着人体的生理稳态，更在调控宿主的情绪、认知及行为中发挥着不可或缺的作用[2]。

SciVolume translation (English)

Across the landscape of modern biomedical and psychiatric research, the brain has long been conceptualized as a relatively independent and highly autonomous organ, with its physiological functions and pathological mechanisms explored predominantly within the confines of the central nervous system. Over the past decade, however, a profound paradigm shift has reshaped our understanding of brain function and the pathogenesis of brain-related disorders. At the core of this transformation is the discovery and characterization of a bidirectional chemical signaling network connecting the central nervous system with the trillions of microorganisms residing within the host intestine (the gut microbiota)—a system known as the "microbiota–gut–brain axis" [1]. This intricate bidirectional communication network not only maintains host physiological homeostasis, but also plays an indispensable role in regulating host emotion, cognition, and behavior [2].

Original (Chinese)

随着神经科学、免疫学与微生物学等多学科的交叉融合，越来越多的证据表明，肠道菌群的失调与多种精神障碍——尤其是焦虑症和抑郁症——的病理生理过程密切相关[2]。这些发现不仅打破了传统的“脑中心主义”视角，也为理解精神疾病的异质性以及寻找新型治疗靶点提供了全新的维度。本书旨在系统梳理近十年来在动物模型与临床研究中积累的扎实证据，深入剖析肠道菌群影响焦虑与抑郁的生物学机制，以期为研究生及青年学者提供一个前沿、严谨且富有启发性的理论与实证图景。

SciVolume translation (English)

Driven by the convergence of neuroscience, immunology, and microbiology, mounting evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis is intricately linked to the pathophysiological processes of various psychiatric disorders, most notably anxiety disorders and depression [2]. These findings have not only challenged the conventional "cerebrocentric" perspective, but have also opened new avenues for understanding the heterogeneity of psychiatric illnesses and identifying novel therapeutic targets. This book aims to systematically synthesize the robust evidence accumulated from both animal models and clinical studies over the past decade, and to dissect in depth the biological mechanisms through which the gut microbiota influences anxiety and depression. In doing so, it seeks to provide graduate students and early-career researchers with an advanced, rigorous, and inspiring synthesis of theoretical concepts and empirical findings.

Original (Chinese)

焦虑症与抑郁症作为全球范围内致残率极高的精神障碍，给个人、家庭及社会带来了沉重的疾病负担。传统的精神病学理论主要聚焦于中枢神经递质（如单胺类递质）的失衡，并以此为基础研发了多种抗抑郁和抗焦虑药物。然而，临床实践表明，现有的药理学疗法存在明显的局限性，包括起效滞后、部分患者产生耐药性以及无法根治等问题。这一现实困境迫使研究者们超越传统的“脑部局限”视角，从全身系统性生理变化的维度去探寻这些精神疾病的深层根源。正是在这种背景下，肠道菌群作为人体“第二基因组”的发现，为解析焦虑与抑郁的病理机制开辟了全新路径。

SciVolume translation (English)

As leading contributors to the global burden of disability, anxiety disorders and depression impose an immense toll on individuals, families, and society as a whole. Classical psychiatric paradigms have focused primarily on imbalances in central neurotransmitters, such as monoamines, which has guided the development of most conventional antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs. However, clinical practice has highlighted substantial limitations in current pharmacotherapies, including delayed therapeutic onset, treatment resistance in a notable subset of patients, and an inability to achieve complete remission or cure. This clinical impasse has compelled investigators to look beyond traditional cerebrocentric frameworks and to explore the systemic, organism-wide physiological alterations underlying these psychiatric disorders. It is against this backdrop that the characterization of the gut microbiota—often termed the human body's "second genome"—has opened promising new pathways for elucidating the pathogenesis of anxiety and depression.